Entomofauna asociada a especies de helechos Pteridium (Pteridopsida: Dennstaedtiaceae) en el Cerro La Bandera de Los Andes venezolanos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53157/ecotropicos.31e0006Palabras clave:
Diversidad de especies, herbivoría, interacción ecológica, plantas tóxicasResumen
Se estableció una comparación de las especies que integran las comunidades de insectos asociados a los helechos Pteridium caudatum y P. arachnoideum en la localidad de Cerro La Bandera, de los Andes de Venezuela. Se realizaron muestreos semanales, entre junio de 2012 y mayo de 2013, para la colecta manual de insectos, reportando para cada caso los valores de abundancia relativa de las especies/morfotipos observadas. Los valores de riqueza y diversidad de especies de insectos en cada especie de helecho fueron calculados mediante los números de Hill (0D, 1D y 2D), mientras que la similitud en la composición de las comunidades fue evaluada utilizando el coeficiente de similitud de Jaccard (IJ) y un análisis de similitud (ANOSIM). Se registraron 42 y 41 especies de insectos asociadas a P. caudatum y P. arachnoideum, respectivamente, siendo los órdenes Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera y Coleoptera los más representativos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que ambas especies de helechos fueron semejantes en el número y la composición taxonómica (IJ = 0,80) de las especies que albergaban, aunque con diferencias estadísticamente significativas (R = 0,33; p = 0,0001) en términos de abundancia de los organismos entre las comunidades de insectos asociados a P. caudatum (1D = 29 y 2D = 17) y P. arachnoideum (1D = 25 y 2D = 13). Los valores de abundancia observados para 13 especies de insectos explican un 74,61% de la disimilitud en entre estas comunidades. Se observaron nueve gremios tróficos dentro de las comunidades de insectos, con diferencias significativas χ2 = 91,81; p = 0,001) entre sus valores de abundancias. Estos resultados contribuyen al conocimiento sobre los niveles de especialización y las características funcionales de las especies en la interacción planta-insecto.
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Derechos de autor 2019 Jorge Luis Avila-Núñez, Luis Daniel Otero Ortega (Author)
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Consejo de Desarrollo Científico, Humanístico, Tecnológico y de las Artes, Universidad de Los Andes Venezuela
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